RESEARCH LIBRARY
Explore the scientific literature behind Urolithin A, the complementary actives used in Rolithin formulas, and the formulation concepts discussed throughout our site.
EVIDENCE LIBRARY
Human studies are prioritized where available. Each reference below links directly to its PubMed record.
Research shown here concerns the individual ingredient or formulation concept. Unless explicitly stated, studies were not performed on Rolithin products.In 66 older adults, Urolithin A was compared with placebo. Muscle endurance measures improved, while the primary measures of six-minute walking distance and maximal muscle ATP production were not significantly different from placebo.
A randomized trial in 88 untrained, overweight, middle-aged adults evaluated placebo, 500 mg and 1,000 mg daily and reported changes in muscle-performance measures and biomarkers related to mitochondrial health.
The human trials listed above studied doses up to 1,000 mg/day. They should not be interpreted as evidence that a higher amount necessarily produces a greater effect.
Thirty healthy participants received NMN or placebo. Whole-blood NAD+ increased significantly in the NMN group, with no obvious treatment-related abnormalities reported during the study period.
A randomized study in 31 healthy men and women evaluated repeated oral administration of 1,250 mg NMN daily. Clinical measurements remained within physiological variation during the four-week study.
Increasing blood NAD+ is a measurable biochemical outcome. It is not, by itself, proof of a specific anti-aging or clinical benefit.
A placebo-controlled pilot study in 32 overweight older adults evaluated two resveratrol doses. Safety measures remained within normal ranges, while metabolic outcomes were mixed.
In 30 older glucose-intolerant adults, resveratrol did not significantly change glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, weight, blood pressure or lipid profile, although vascular and mitochondrial-related measures showed changes.
Human resveratrol research is heterogeneous. Outcomes vary by dose, population, duration and endpoint, so individual studies should not be generalized into a universal benefit.
A 24-participant pilot study tested resveratrol with different piperine doses. Overall pharmacokinetic results did not demonstrate the large resveratrol bioavailability enhancement previously observed in animal research.
A crossover study reported differences in cerebral blood-flow response with the combination, but no improvement in cognitive performance and no significant difference in measured resveratrol plasma concentrations.
These studies evaluated piperine in combination with resveratrol. They do not establish a universal absorption multiplier for every ingredient, nor were they studies of the Rolithin Stack.
In a 27-participant crossover trial, a specific liposomal vitamin C formulation produced higher plasma and leukocyte exposure than the non-liposomal vitamin C comparator.
An earlier human study also found higher circulating vitamin C concentrations after oral liposomal delivery than after standard oral vitamin C, while intravenous delivery produced higher concentrations than either.
These studies concern specific liposomal vitamin C formulations. They demonstrate that delivery technology can influence pharmacokinetics in some formulations, but they do not establish a specific absorption percentage for Urolithin A or for Rolithin products.
Scientific evidence evolves. Study results depend on the population, formulation, dose, duration and measured outcome. References are provided for educational transparency and should not be interpreted as medical advice or as proof that a Rolithin product will reproduce the outcome of an individual study.
KEEP EXPLORING
Continue with our Science overview, or request the available documentation associated with your product.
